Article does not cover the why question, only partly how it came to that situation: A government stuck in the past. I’d like to add that laying cable/fiber costs money, so the providers like to milk that invest as long as possible. So while we have ftc here, there’s still multiple dslams on that curb distributing the net though copper to the homes. Some even still set up with adsl line cards (15 mbps instead of 250), although newly built. Some efforts are being made to provide fth, but these are hard to distribute in 1950 era buildings. These costs are mainly not recoverable by rent, need a heavy planning effort and all tenants in that building would be bound to one provider for one or two years, which most of mine do strictly not want. Not only the government is stuck in the past here. When I asked my provider if I could have fiber and dsl as fallback and for testing those few who understood the question just laughed.
Here’s some information on using a broadband modem, further down on sending SMS and stuff with it, maybe this helps: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Mobile_broadband_modem
Edit: Typo